Purpose | This immunoassay kit allows for the specific measurement of rat IL-1alpha concentrations in cell culture supernatant, serum and plasma. |
Sample Type | Cell Culture Supernatant, Serum, Plasma |
Analytical Method | Quantitative |
Detection Method | Colorimetric |
Specificity | This assay recognizes recombinant and natural rat IL-1alpha. |
Cross-Reactivity (Details) | No significant cross-reactivity or interference was observed. |
Characteristics | Rattus norvegicus,Rat,Interleukin-1 alpha,IL-1 alpha,Il1a |
Components |
Reagent (Quantity):
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Material not included | Microplate reader. Pipettes and pipette tips. EP tube Deionized or distilled water. |
Alternative Name | Il1a (IL1A ELISA Kit Abstract) |
Background | IL-1alpha is a member of interleukin 1 family. IL-1alpha and IL-1beta recognize the same IL-1 receptor and share a number of similar biological functions. IL-1alpha is predominantly a cell-associated molecule whereas IL-1beta is a secreted molecule. IL-1alpha is synthesized primarily as a 31 kDa precursor that lacks a signal peptide. Cleavage of the precursor is via the cysteine protease calpain, resulting in a 17.5 kDa mature IL-1 molecule. Being active in the processed form, the IL-1 precursor is also biologically active via specific cell binding. A portion of the precursor is transported to the cell surface and associated with the cell membrane. Precursor IL-1alpha can be released and cleaved by extracellular proteases when the cells die, and can also be cleaved by activation of the calcium-dependent, membrane-associated calpains. Nearly all microbes and microbial products induce the production of IL-1alpha. Furthermore, IL-1alpha can be produced in monocytes and other cells in the 31 kDa precursor state. IL-1alpha can act on macrophages or monocytes by inducing its own synthesis as well as the production of TNF and IL-6. IL-1alpha induces the production of IL-2, IL-2 receptors, GM-CSF and IL-4 from activated T cells, stimulates B cell proliferation and maturation, and increases immunoglobulin synthesis. IL-1alpha affects NK cell activation and LAK production associated with other cytokines, and induces prostaglandin synthesis in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, collagenase production in synovial cells, and cartilage and calcium resorption in bones. Studies have shown a connection between IL-1alpha and the pathogenesis of endometriotic lesions. The increased expression of both matrix-degrading MMP-1 and its major stimulatory cytokine IL-1alpha in endometriotic lesions and the selective co-expression in the stroma of endometriotic foci clearly suggests the involvement of the IL-1alpha molecule in the pathogenic mechanisms leading to local invasion and tissue destruction. Reports also indicate that the translation of the neurotransmitter gene only occurs after receiving IL-1alpha stimulation. This effect was supressed by co-stimulation with IL-1 receptor antagonist. High levels of IL-1alpha are associated with sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. |
Gene ID | 2907 |
Pathways | NF-kappaB Signaling, Autophagy |
Sample Volume | 100 μL |
Plate | Pre-coated |
Protocol | This assay employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A monoclonal antibody specific for IL-1alpha has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any IL-1alpha present is bound by the immobilized antibody. An enzyme-linked monoclonal antibody specific for IL-1alpha is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of IL-1alpha bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured. |
Reagent Preparation |
Bring all reagents to room temperature before use. Wash Buffer - If crystals have formed in the concentrate, warm to room temperature and mix gently until the crystals have completely dissolved. Dilute 30 mL of Wash Buffer Concentrate into deionized or distilled water to prepare 750 mL of Wash Buffer. Standard - Reconstitute the Standard with 1.0 mL of Sample Diluent. This reconstitution produces a stock solution. Allow the standard to sit for a minimum of 15 minutes with gentle agitation prior to making serial dilutions (Making serial dilution in the wells directly is not permitted). The undiluted standard serves as the high standard. The Sample Diluent serves as the zero standard (0 ng/ml). |
Sample Collection | Serum - Use a serum separator tube (SST) and allow samples to clot for 30 minutes before centrifugation for 15 minutes at approximately 1000 x g. Remove serum and assay immediately or aliquot and store samples at -20 °C. Plasma - Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples for 15 minutes at 1000 x g at 2 - 8 °C within 30 minutes of collection. Store samples at ≤ -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Citrate plasma has not been validated for use in this assay. |
Assay Procedure |
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37 °C directly.). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at 4 °C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their particular experiments. |
Calculation of Results |
Average the duplicate readings for each standard, control, and sample and subtract the average zero standard optical density. Create a standard curve by reducing the data using computer software capable of generating a four parameter logistic (4-PL) curve-fit. As an alternative, construct a standard curve by plotting the mean absorbance for each standard on the x-axis against the concentration on the y-axis and draw a best fit curve through the points on the graph. The data may be linearized by plotting the log of the SAA concentrations versus the log of the O.D. and the best fit line can be determined by regression analysis. It is recommended to use some related software to do this calculation, such as curve expert 13.0. This procedure will produce an adequate but less precise fit of the data. If samples have been diluted, the concentration read from the standard curve must be multiplied by the dilution factor. |
Restrictions | For Research Use only |
Handling Advice |
1. The kit should not be used beyond the expiration date on the kit label. 2. Do not mix or substitute reagents with those from other lots or sources. 3. If samples generate values higher than the highest standard, further dilute the samples with the Assay Diluent and repeat the assay. Any variation in standard diluent, operator, pipetting technique, washing technique,incubation time or temperature, and kit age can cause variation in binding. 4. This assay is designed to eliminate interference by soluble receptors, ligands, binding proteins, and other factors present in biological samples. Until all factors have been tested in the Immunoassay, the possibility of interference cannot be excluded. |
Storage | 4 °C/-20 °C |
Storage Comment | The Assay Plate, Standard, Detection Reagent A and Detection Reagent B should be stored at -20°C upon being received. After receiving the kit , Substrate should be always stored at 4°C. |
Supplier Images |
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